Amputation

Accidents in which limbs are completely severed are mercifully rare. Get the casualty to lie down raise the affected limb, and tie a bandage rightly around and over the stump. If the wound continues to bleed, add another bandage, applying as much pressure as you can....

Asphyxia

Starved of oxygen, tissues rapidly die. Oxygen may be prevented from diffusing into the lungs because of chocking, drowning, suffocation, strangulation, paralysis, or injury to the lungs or chest. Lack of oxygen in the air also causes asphyxia. Symptoms include an...

Bites & stings

For bites which cause deep puncture wounds, severe bleeding, or amputation, turn to the relevant entry in this section. The bites of animals carry two main dangers: Tetanus and Rabies. Rabies, is present in many other countries. Orthodox immunisation against rabies...

Bleeding

Occurs when blood vessels are damaged. External bleeding often looks more dramatic than Internal bleeding, but the latter can be more serious. In a minor graze or bruise only the smallest blood vessels, the capillaries, are broken; blood seeps slowly into the...

Blisters

Blisters are bubbles of fluid (blood serum) which form under the skin due to friction or Burns and scalds. Do not burst blisters – they may get infected. Put a plaster over them if necessary. Bathe burst blisters with Hypericum and Calendula solution, and expose...